Step 1: Preheat your oven to 375°F (190°C). Grease a 9x13 inch baking dish.
Step 2: Cook the macaroni according to package directions until al dente. Drain well and set aside.
Step 3: While pasta cooks, prepare the cheese sauce. In a large saucepan or Dutch oven, melt the butter over medium heat.
Step 4: Add the flour to the melted butter and whisk constantly for 1-2 minutes to create a roux. Do not let it brown.
Step 5: Gradually whisk in the warmed milk, a little at a time, until completely smooth. Continue whisking constantly until the sauce thickens to a creamy consistency, about 5-7 minutes.
Step 6: Remove the saucepan from the heat. Stir in the salt, black pepper, and cayenne pepper (if using).
Step 7: Add the shredded cheddar, smoked gouda, and softened cream cheese to the sauce. Stir continuously until all the cheeses are completely melted and the sauce is smooth and homogeneous.
Step 8: Add the cooked and drained macaroni to the cheese sauce. Stir gently to ensure all the pasta is thoroughly coated.
Step 9: Pour the mac and cheese mixture into the prepared baking dish, spreading it evenly.
Step 10: Bake for 25-30 minutes, or until the top is golden brown and bubbly. Let it rest for 5-10 minutes before serving for the sauce to set slightly.